SK-800 Series Inverter Operation Manual

1. Introduction to SK800 Series Inverters

The working principle of frequency converters is based on power electronics technology, which controls the speed of AC motors by changing the power frequency. Its core function is to convert the fixed frequency and voltage AC electricity provided by the grid into AC electricity with variable frequency and variable voltage, so as to adjust the operating speed of the motor connected to the frequency converter. The following are the detailed steps of the frequency converter working principle:

1. Rectification stage: The frequency converter first converts the input AC into direct current (DC) through its internal rectifier (usually composed of diodes or thyristors). This process is called AC to DC conversion.

2. Intermediate DC link: The converted DC current flows into the intermediate DC link, which usually contains capacitors for smoothing DC fluctuations and providing a stable DC power supply.

3. Inversion stage: The DC power is then sent to the inverter unit. The inverter converts DC into AC with variable frequency by using insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) or similar switching elements. This process is realized through pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. By controlling the switching frequency and duty cycle of switching elements, AC output with different frequencies and amplitudes can be generated.

4. Output: The variable frequency AC obtained after inversion is sent to the motor, thus controlling the operating speed of the motor. By changing the output frequency, the speed of the motor can be controlled very accurately to meet the needs of different applications.

1.1 Application of Inverters in Industrial Manufacturing Industry

When we talk about the industrial manufacturing industry, the application of frequency converters is almost everywhere. They are an important part of modern industrial automation, helping factories achieve more efficient, more economical, and more reliable production processes.

1. Speed regulation and precise control:

   • Frequency converters can precisely control the speed and torque of motors, which is crucial for many manufacturing processes. For example, in the textile industry, frequency converters can ensure that textile machinery runs at the appropriate speed to ensure product quality.

2. Improve energy efficiency:

   • In the manufacturing industry, energy costs are an important consideration. Frequency converters reduce motor energy consumption by only providing the required power when needed, significantly reducing energy costs.

3. Reduce mechanical wear and maintenance:

   • Frequency converters can smoothly start and stop motors, reducing mechanical wear and impact, thereby extending equipment life and reducing maintenance costs.

4. Process control and automation:

   • In automated production lines, frequency converters can be integrated with sensors and control systems (such as PLCs) to achieve complex process control. For example, in food processing, frequency converters can adjust the speed of conveyor belts according to real-time data to match production needs.

5. Energy saving and environmental protection:

   • Frequency converters help achieve energy saving and emission reduction goals. By optimizing motor energy use and reducing unnecessary power consumption, environmental impact is reduced.

6. Adapt to different process requirements:

   • The flexibility of frequency converters makes them suitable for a variety of different processes and production needs, from heavy machinery to precision manufacturing.

In short, frequency converters are widely used in the industrial manufacturing industry. They improve production efficiency, save energy consumption, and enhance the flexibility of process control. With the continuous development of technology, the role of frequency converters in industrial manufacturing will become more and more important.

1.2 How to Choose the Right Inverter According to Load?

Choosing the right frequency converter needs to consider the following factors:

1. Load type: Different types of loads have different requirements for frequency converters. For example, constant torque loads (such as fans, centrifugal pumps) and constant power loads (such as compressors, conveyors) require different types of frequency converters to adapt to their specific working characteristics.

2. Load power: The rated power of the frequency converter should be greater than or equal to the rated power of the load to ensure that the frequency converter can operate normally and have a certain overload capacity.

3. Load inertia: The inertia of the load will affect the selection of the frequency converter. Large inertia loads require larger power frequency converters to ensure stable operation.

4. Starting characteristics: The starting characteristics of the load (such as starting torque, starting time) will affect the selection of the frequency converter, and it is necessary to ensure that the frequency converter has sufficient starting capacity.

5. Environmental conditions: Consider the environmental conditions where the load is located, such as temperature, humidity, etc., and select a frequency converter with appropriate environmental adaptability.

6. Control requirements: According to the control requirements for the load (such as speed accuracy, response time, etc.), select a frequency converter with corresponding control functions.

7. Cost considerations: After considering the above factors comprehensively, select the frequency converter with the highest cost performance, which can meet the load requirements without causing resource waste.

Considering the above factors comprehensively, you can select a frequency converter suitable for a specific load to ensure stable operation of the system and achieve optimal performance. It is best to consult a professional engineer or supplier when selecting a frequency converter to ensure that the selected frequency converter can best meet the system requirements.

2. Safety Precautions

Manual Warning Sign Definition

⚡Danger: Indicates that if the correct prompt is violated, it will be very likely to cause death or serious personal injury. ⚠️Warning: Indicates that if the correct prompt is violated, it may cause moderate or minor personal injury and equipment damage. ❗Note: Indicates that if the correct prompt is violated, it may lead to errors or unsafe use of the equipment.

3. Product Information

3.1 Technical Specification Table

3.2 Product Nameplate

3.3 Model Description

3.4 Product Selection Specification Table

3.5 Keyboard Tray Dimension Drawing

Inverter structure	C series tray opening size	H series tray opening size
Opening dimension drawing

3.6 Daily Maintenance and Maintenance of Inverters

3.6.1 Daily Maintenance

Due to the influence of ambient temperature, humidity, dust and vibration, the internal components of the frequency converter will age, leading to potential failures of the frequency converter or reducing its service life. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out daily and regular maintenance and maintenance of the frequency converter.

Daily inspection items：

1. Whether the sound of the motor changes abnormally during operation
2. Whether the motor vibrates during operation
3. Whether the installation environment of the frequency converter changes
4. Whether the cooling fan of the frequency converter works normally
5. Whether the frequency converter is overheated

Daily cleaning：

1. The frequency converter should always be kept clean.
2. Effectively remove dust on the surface of the frequency converter to prevent dust from entering the inside of the frequency converter. Especially metal dust.
3. Effectively remove oil from the cooling fan of the frequency converter.

3.6.2 Regular Inspection

Please regularly check places that are difficult to check during operation.

Regular inspection items：

1. Check the air duct and clean it regularly
2. Check whether the screws are loose
3. Check whether the frequency converter is corroded
4. Check whether the wiring terminals have arc marks
5. Main circuit insulation test Reminder: When measuring the insulation resistance with a megohmmeter (please use a DC 500V megohmmeter), the main circuit line should be disconnected from the frequency converter. Do not test the insulation of the control circuit with an insulation resistance meter. No high voltage test is required (completed at the factory).

3.6.3 Replacement of Vulnerable Parts of Inverters

The vulnerable parts of the frequency converter are mainly cooling fans and filtering electrolytic capacitors, and their service life is closely related to the use environment and maintenance conditions. The general service life is:

Users can determine the replacement period according to the running time.

1）Cooling fan
Possible damage reasons: bearing wear, blade aging.
Judgment standard: whether there are cracks in the fan blades, whether there is abnormal vibration sound when starting.
2）Filter electrolytic capacitor
Possible damage reasons: poor input power quality, high ambient temperature, frequent load jumps, electrolyte aging.
Judgment standard: whether there is liquid leakage, whether the safety valve has protruded, measurement of electrostatic capacitance, measurement of insulation resistance.

3.6.4 Purchase of Inverters

After users purchase frequency converters, attention must be paid to the following points for temporary storage and long-term storage:
1）When storing, try to put it into our company’s packaging box according to the original packaging.
2）Long-term storage will lead to deterioration of electrolytic capacitors. It must be ensured that the power is turned on once within 2 years, and the power-on time is at least 5 hours. The input voltage must be slowly increased to the rated value with a voltage regulator.

3.7 Inverter Selection Guide

Frequency converters can provide three control methods: ordinary V/F, SVC, VC.
When selecting a frequency converter, you must first clarify the technical requirements of the system for variable frequency speed regulation, the application occasion of the frequency converter and the specific situation of the load characteristics, and comprehensively consider factors such as the adapted motor, output voltage, and rated output current, and then select a model that meets the requirements and determine the operation mode.

Basic principles：The rated load current of the motor cannot exceed the rated current of the frequency converter. Generally, select according to the motor capacity specified in the frequency converter manual, and pay attention to comparing the rated current of the motor and the frequency converter. The overload capacity of the frequency converter is only meaningful for the starting and braking process. Whenever there is a short-term overload during operation, it will cause a change in load speed. If the speed accuracy requirements are relatively high, please consider increasing one level.

Fan and pump type：It has low requirements for overload capacity. Because the load torque is proportional to the square of the speed, the load is lighter at low speed operation (except Roots blower). And because this type of load has no special requirements for speed accuracy, square torque V/F is selected.

Constant torque load：Most loads have constant torque characteristics, but generally have low requirements for speed accuracy and dynamic performance. For example, extruders, mixers, conveyors, factory transport trams, and the translation mechanism of cranes. When selecting a model, you can choose the multi-segment V/F operation mode.

The controlled object has certain dynamic and static index requirements：This type of load generally requires a harder mechanical characteristic at low speed to meet the dynamic and static index requirements of the production process for the control system. When selecting a model, you can choose the SVC control mode.

The controlled object has high dynamic and static index requirements：For occasions with high requirements for speed regulation accuracy and dynamic performance indicators and high-precision synchronous control, the VC control mode can be used. For example, elevators, papermaking, plastic film processing production lines.

3.8 Inverter Brake Component Selection Guide

3.8.1 Selection of Resistance Value

During braking, almost all the regenerative energy of the motor is consumed in the brake resistor.
According to the formula：U*U/R=Pb
●U in the formula—-Brake voltage for stable braking of the system
(Different systems are different, generally 700V for 380VAC system)
●Pb—-Brake power

3.8.2 Power Selection of Brake Resistance

Theoretically, the power of the brake resistance is consistent with the brake power, but considering derating to 70%
According to the formula：0.7Pr=PbD
●Pr—-Resistance power
●D—-Brake frequency (proportion of regeneration process in the entire working process)

Elevator—–20%-30%
Unwinding and winding—–20-30%
Centrifuge—–50%-60%
Accidental brake load-5%
Generally take 10%

3.8.3 Inverter Brake Component Selection Table

Note: ×2 means two brake units with their respective brake resistors are used in parallel, and ×3 has the same meaning as ×2.

4. Inverter Installation

4.1 Overall Structure Dimension Drawing

4.2 Main Circuit Terminal and Function

4.3 Control Circuit Terminal and Function

4.4 Control Terminal and Function

4.5 Mechanical Installation

4.5.1 Installation Environment：

1. Ambient temperature：The ambient temperature around the frequency converter has a great influence on its service life. The operating ambient temperature of the frequency converter is not allowed to exceed the allowable temperature range (-10℃～50℃).

2. Install the frequency converter on the surface of flame-retardant objects, with enough space around for heat dissipation. The frequency converter is easy to generate a lot of heat during work. And install it vertically on the mounting support with screws.

3. Please install it in a place not prone to vibration. The vibration should not be greater than 0.6G. Pay special attention to stay away from equipment such as punch presses.

4. Avoid installation in places exposed to direct sunlight, humidity, or water droplets.

5. Avoid installation in places with corrosive, flammable, or explosive gases in the air.

6. Avoid installation in places with oil, dust, or metal dust.

When installing individually: When the inverter power is not greater than 22kW, the A dimension may not be considered. When greater than 22kW, A should be greater than 50mm. When installing up and down: When installing the inverter up and down, please install the heat insulation deflector as shown in the figure.

4.5.2 Mechanical Installation Notes

The key issue for mechanical installation is heat dissipation. So please note the following points:

1. Please install the frequency converter vertically to facilitate heat dissipation upward. But it cannot be inverted. If there are multiple frequency converters in the cabinet, it is best to install them side by side. In the case of upper and lower installation, please refer to the installation diagram to install the heat insulation deflector.

2. Follow the installation diagram to ensure the heat dissipation space of the frequency converter. But when arranging, please consider the heat dissipation of other devices in the cabinet.

3. The installation bracket must be flame retardant material.

4. For applications with metal dust, it is recommended to use the radiator external installation method. At this time, the fully sealed cabinet space should be as large as possible.

4.6 Inverter Peripheral Electrical Component Selection Guide

5. Panel Display and Operation

5.1 Display Interface Introduction

Using the operation panel, you can modify the functional parameters of the frequency converter, monitor the working status of the frequency converter, and start and stop the frequency converter, etc. Its appearance and functional areas are shown in the following figure:

C Series Inverter Operation Panel Indicator Lights and Button Functions

H Series Inverter Operation Panel Indicator Lights and Button Functions

Inverter Function Code Viewing and Modification Method Description

The operation panel of the frequency converter adopts a three-level menu structure for parameter setting and other operations. The three-level menus are: functional parameter level (first-level menu) → function code (second-level menu) → function code setting value (third-level menu). The operation flow is shown in the following figure:

Note: In the third-level menu operation, you can press the PRG (programming) key or ENTER(confirm) key to return to the second-level menu. The difference between them is: pressing the ENTER(confirm) key will save the set parameters and return to the second-level menu, and automatically transfer to the next function code; while pressing the PRG(programming) key will directly return to the second-level menu without storing parameters, and return to the current function code. Example: Example of changing function code P3-02 from 10.00Hz to 15.00Hz. (Bold text indicates flashing bit)

In the third-level menu state, if the parameter has no flashing bit, it means that this function code cannot be modified. The possible reasons are:

1. This function code is a non-modifiable parameter. Such as actual detection parameters, operation record parameters.
2. This function code cannot be modified in running state, and needs to be modified after stopping.

5.2 Inverter Terminal Application Wiring Diagram

0.75~37KW Inverter Wiring Diagram

Description: Press the green button, the frequency converter starts; press the red stop button, the frequency converter stops;
Inverter parameter setting: P0-02=1;P4-02=3;P4-11=2

Description: Three-speed two normally open knob, turn to the left to rotate the motor forward, turn to the middle to stop the motor, turn to the right to rotate the motor reverse.
Inverter parameter setting: P0-02=1

Description: When X1 terminal and COM terminal are connected, the frequency converter starts; when X1 terminal and COM terminal are disconnected, the frequency converter stops; start directly when power on, stop when power off, directly short COM and X1.
Inverter parameter setting: P0-02=1

Description: As the core of the water supply system, the frequency converter can monitor water pressure changes in real time and intelligently adjust the speed of the water pump according to demand. When multiple users use water at the same time, the frequency converter will automatically increase the output power of the water pump to maintain stable water pressure; when using a smaller water flow, the frequency converter will reduce the output power of the water pump to avoid excessive water pressure.
Inverter parameter setting: P0-29=00001, b0-00=pressure gauge range, b0-01=set pressure, b0-02=sleep pressure, b0-03=wake-up pressure; Example: If the remote pressure gauge range is 1MPA, b0-00=10, if the range is 1.6MPA, b0-00=16. The upper row displays the set pressure, and the lower row displays the pressure gauge feedback pressure. Change the set pressure by adjusting the panel increase 🔼/decrease 🔽 keys, and the display pressure unit is kg. The upper row can switch to display bus voltage, current, frequency, set pressure, and feedback pressure through the ▶️ key. 🌟Note 1: The above settings default to external terminal operation after P0-29=00001. If panel startup is required, set P0-02=0. 🌟Note 2: The settings of b0-02 and b0-03 are relative to the percentage of b0-01.

Description: As the core of the constant pressure water supply system, the frequency converter can monitor water pressure changes in real time and intelligently adjust the speed of the water pump according to demand. When multiple users use water at the same time, the frequency converter will automatically increase the output power of the water pump to maintain stable water pressure; when using a smaller water flow, the frequency converter will reduce the output power of the water pump to avoid excessive water pressure. Inverter parameter settings: P0-29=00001, b0-00=pressure transmitter range, b0-01=set pressure, b0-02=sleep pressure, b0-03=wake-up pressure; Example: If the pressure transmitter range is 1MPA, b0-00=10, if the range is 1.6MPA, b0-00=16. The upper row displays the set pressure, and the lower row displays the pressure transmitter feedback pressure. Change the set pressure by adjusting the panel increase 🔼/decrease 🔽 keys, and the display pressure unit is kg. The upper row can switch to display bus voltage, current, frequency, set pressure, and feedback pressure through the ▶️ key. 🌟Note 1: The above settings default to external terminal operation after P0-29=00001. If panel startup is required, set P0-02=0. 🌟Note 2: The settings of b0-02 and b0-03 are relative to the percentage of b0-01.

45~720KW Inverter Wiring Diagram

Description: Press the green button, the frequency converter starts; press the red stop button, the frequency converter stops; Inverter parameter settings: P0-02=1;P4-02=3;P4-11=2

Description: Three-speed two normally open knob, turn to the left to rotate the motor forward, turn to the middle to stop the motor, turn to the right to rotate the motor reverse. Inverter parameter settings: P0-02=1

Description: When X1 terminal and COM terminal are connected, the frequency converter starts; when X1 terminal and COM terminal are disconnected, the frequency converter stops; start directly when power on, stop when power off, directly short COM and X1. Inverter parameter settings: P0-02=1

Description: As the core of the constant pressure water supply system, the frequency converter can monitor water pressure changes in real time and intelligently adjust the speed of the water pump according to demand. When multiple users use water at the same time, the frequency converter will automatically increase the output power of the water pump to maintain stable water pressure; when using a smaller water flow, the frequency converter will reduce the output power of the water pump to avoid excessive water pressure. Inverter parameter settings: P0-29=00001, b0-00=pressure gauge range, b0-01=set pressure, b0-02=sleep pressure, b0-03=wake-up pressure; Example: If the remote pressure gauge range is 1MPA, b0-00=10, if the range is 1.6MPA, b0-00=16. The upper row displays the set pressure, and the lower row displays the pressure gauge feedback pressure. Change the set pressure by adjusting the panel increase 🔼/decrease 🔽 keys, and the display pressure unit is kg. The upper row can switch to display bus voltage, current, frequency, set pressure, and feedback pressure through the ▶️ key. 🌟Note 1: The above settings default to external terminal operation after P0-29=00001. If panel startup is required, set P0-02=0. 🌟Note 2: The settings of b0-02 and b0-03 are relative to the percentage of b0-01.

Description: As the core of the water supply system, the frequency converter can monitor water pressure changes in real time and intelligently adjust the speed of the water pump according to demand. When multiple users use water at the same time, the frequency converter will automatically increase the output power of the water pump to maintain stable water pressure; when using a smaller water flow, the frequency converter will reduce the output power of the water pump to avoid excessive water pressure. Inverter parameter settings: P0-29=00001, b0-00=pressure transmitter range, b0-01=set pressure, b0-02=sleep pressure, b0-03=wake-up pressure; Example: If the pressure transmitter range is 1MPA, b0-00=10, if the range is 1.6MPA, b0-00=16. The upper row displays the set pressure, and the lower row displays the pressure transmitter feedback pressure. Change the set pressure by adjusting the panel increase 🔼/decrease 🔽 keys, and the display pressure unit is kg. The upper row can switch to display bus voltage, current, frequency, set pressure, and feedback pressure through the ▶️ key. 🌟Note 1: The above settings default to external terminal operation after P0-29=00001. If panel startup is required, set P0-02=0. 🌟Note 2: The settings of b0-02 and b0-03 are relative to the percentage of b0-01.

General Inverter Multi-speed Command Function Description

4 multi-speed command terminals can be combined into 16 states, and these 16 states correspond to 16 command setting values. The details are shown in the following table:

When the frequency source is selected as multi-speed, 100% of the function codes PC-00~PC-15 corresponds to PC-10 (maximum frequency)

6. Inverter Function Parameter Table

✅: Indicates that the setting value of this parameter can be changed when the frequency converter is in shutdown or running state; ✳️: Indicates that the setting value of this parameter cannot be changed when the frequency converter is in running state; ❎: Indicates that the value of this parameter is an actual detection record value and cannot be changed;

P0 Group: Basic Parameters

P1 Group: Motor Parameters

P2 Group: Vector Parameters

P3 Group: V/F Control Parameters

P4 Group: Input Terminal Parameters

P5 Group: Output Terminal Parameters

P6 Group: Start-stop Control Parameters

P7 Group: Keyboard and Display

P8 Group: Auxiliary Function Parameters

P9 Group: Fault and Protection Parameters

PA Group: PID Function Parameters

Pb Group: Swing Frequency, Fixed Length and Counting

Pc Group: Multi-speed Command and Simple PLC

Pd Group: Communication Parameters

PP Group: Function Code Management

A5 Group: Control Optimization Parameters

b0 Group: Intelligent Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Water Supply Parameters

U0 Group: Parameter Monitoring

7. Industry Application Macro Usage Instructions

Restore Factory Settings

P0-29=10000, all other parameters except motor parameter group are restored to factory default values. P0-29=10000 is equivalent to PP-01=1 restore factory value effect. Before executing industry application macro operation, please execute: P0-29=10000.

Constant Pressure Water Supply Macro

The characteristics of this constant pressure water supply macro: directly select the water supply macro, then input the sensor range value and target pressure, other parameters can basically realize efficient constant pressure water supply control directly, with strong pressure regulation ability, quick and sensitive response, so it is better than the traditional PID control frequency water supply control, with more stable pressure, more energy saving and other advantages. At the same time, it has better constant pressure holding effect for on-site with pressure tank. And the main board double relays directly realize one drag three, or cooperate with Y1 and HDO terminals external relays to control up to one drag five water supply, with independent pump increase and decrease pressure and delay control, can also realize emergency pump reduction special time control when over pressure, as long as properly reduce the (b0-15 pressure upper limit emergency reduce auxiliary pump delay) time value, can quickly reduce the pump and stop, reasonably avoid the problem of too fast water pressure rise. In addition, the keyboard can switch through the shift key to directly monitor the pressure setting target value or pressure feedback value. The monitoring content remains unchanged when restarting after power failure. At the same time, this machine also directly supports dual display keyboard monitoring pressure setting value and feedback value.

Single Pump Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Water Supply Macro

When P0-29=1, its automatic initialization parameters are as follows: (default panel potentiometer given target pressure value) P0-01=2, P0-02=1, P0-03=8, P0-14=20.00Hz, P4-18=2.00, P7-03=8015, P7-04=0001, P7-05=3003, P7-17=15, P7-18=16, PA-00=3, PA-05=50.0, PA-06=0.10, PA-28=0 (if you want to speed up the response speed, you can increase PA-05 and decrease PA-06 values; to slow down the response speed, the opposite is true for these two parameters), AI1 defaults to 010V input as PID pressure feedback source. If you need to change to 420mA input, please add parameters: P4-13=2.00V, P4-37=11 (set 1 for current input type). The inverter itself is factory default AI2 is 0~20MA input. If using AI2 as PID pressure feedback source, corresponding supplementary parameters: P4-18=2.00V, P4-37=10. When AI1 and AI2 are changed to current input, terminal 24V needs to be connected in series to power the sensor. b0 group is constant pressure water supply parameter group, where b0-00 is the range of pressure sensor, which needs to be input truthfully. For example: if the maximum value of the sensor is marked as 1.6MPa, then b0-00=16.00kg. PA-00 is used to select the target pressure given source, the default is 3 keyboard analog potentiometer. If selected as 8, the target pressure value is set by b0-01 for water supply site, the default is 5.00kg, which can be changed according to requirements. Sleep and wake-up pressure and related delays can be adjusted. Sleep, wake-up and various pressure deviations are automatically adjusted with the percentage value of the target pressure, basically no need to adjust to work stably. Note: For the relevant wiring of the frequency converter for constant pressure water supply, please click here, not described here.

One Drag Three Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Water Supply Macro

P0-29=2, you can realize 1 variable frequency pump dragging 2 power frequency pumps constant pressure water supply mode. Based on the initialization default parameters of the above single pump variable frequency constant pressure water supply macro, this mode adds the following default parameters: P5-02=50(RLY1 is auxiliary pump 1), P5-03=51(RLY2 is auxiliary pump 2), P5-25=0.3s, P5-26=0.3s, b0-10=2(two auxiliary pumps), for more control parameters, please see constant pressure water supply parameters b0 group

One Drag Five Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Water Supply Macro

P0-29=3, you can realize 1 variable frequency pump dragging 4 power frequency pumps constant pressure water supply mode. Based on the initialization default parameters of the above one drag three variable frequency constant pressure water supply macro, this mode adds the following default parameters: P5-04=52（Y1 is auxiliary pump 3）, P5-01=53(HDO is auxiliary pump 4), P5-00=1, P5-24=0.3s, P5-27=0.3s, b0-10=4(four auxiliary pumps), for more control parameters, please see constant pressure water supply parameters b0 group

Fire Inspection Water Supply Macro

P0-29=7, some mode default parameters are as follows: P0-02=1, P0-03=0, P0-08=10.00Hz, P0-12=15.00Hz, P4-00=1, P4-03=9, P6-10=1

Machine Tool Macro 100HZ

AI1 input 0~10V given speed, X1 terminal forward start and stop, must connect brake resistor. If the brake overvoltage, need to pay attention to reduce the overvoltage stall gain value of P9 group. If this value is too small, it is easy to cause too much impact on IGBT.

Engraving Machine Macro 400HZ

X1 forward start and stop, X2 multi-speed terminal 1, X3 multi-speed terminal 2, X4 multi-speed terminal 3, three-terminal combination as follows:

8. Fault Diagnosis and Countermeasures

Fault Code Description and Handling

Frequency converters have a total of 32 warning information and protection functions. Once a fault occurs, the protection function is activated, the frequency converter stops output, the frequency converter fault relay contact action, and the fault code is displayed on the frequency converter display panel. Before seeking service, you can first conduct self-inspection according to the prompts in this section to analyze the fault cause and find a solution. If you need to seek service, contact the agent where you purchased the frequency converter or directly contact our company. 21 warning information includes ERR22 which is hardware overcurrent or overvoltage signal, in most cases, hardware overvoltage fault causes ERR22 alarm.

Common Faults and Their Handling Methods

During the use of frequency converters, you may encounter the following fault conditions, please refer to the following methods for simple fault analysis:

9. ModBus Communication Protocol

Frequency converters provide RS485 communication interface and support Modbus-RTU communication protocol. Users can realize centralized control through computer or PLC, set frequency converter running commands, modify or read function code parameters, read frequency converter working status and fault information through this communication protocol.

9.1 Protocol Content

Frequency converters provide RS485 communication interface and support Modbus-RTU communication protocol. Users can realize centralized control through computer or PLC, set frequency converter running commands, modify or read function code parameters, read frequency converter working status and fault information through this communication protocol.

This serial communication protocol defines the information content and format used in serial communication. It includes: host polling (or broadcasting) format; host encoding method, including: function code requiring action, transmission data and error check, etc. The slave response also adopts the same structure, including: action confirmation, return data and error check, etc. If the slave encounters an error when receiving information or cannot complete the action requested by the host, it will organize a fault message as a response and feed it back to the host.

9.1.1 Application Mode

The frequency converter is connected to the “single master multi-slave” PC/PLC control network with RS485 bus as a communication slave.

9.1.2 Bus Structure

(1) Hardware interface with communication interface A+、B- terminal blocks. (2) Topology structure Single host multi-slave system. Each communication device in the network has a unique slave address, one of which is the communication host (PC upper computer, PLC, HMI, etc.). The host initiates communication, reads or writes parameters to the slave, and other devices are communication slaves, responding to the host’s inquiry or communication operation on the local machine. At the same time, only one device can send data, and other devices are in the receiving state. The setting range of slave address is 1~247, 0 is the broadcast communication address. The slave address in the network must be unique. (3) Communication transmission mode Asynchronous serial, half-duplex transmission mode. Data is transmitted in the form of message in the process of serial asynchronous communication, sending a frame of data at a time. In MODBUS-RTU protocol, when the idle time on the communication data line is greater than 3.5Byte transmission time, it indicates the start of a new communication frame. The communication protocol built into the frequency converter is Modbus-RTU slave communication protocol, which can respond to the host’s “query/command”, or make corresponding actions according to the host’s “query/command”, and reply communication data. The host can refer to a personal computer (PC), industrial control equipment or programmable logic controller (PLC), etc. The host can communicate with a slave individually, or broadcast information to all lower slaves. For the host’s individual access to “query/command”, the accessed slave returns a response frame frequency; for the broadcast information sent by the host, the slave does not need to feed back a response to the host.

9.1.3 Communication Data Structure

The Modbus protocol communication data format is as follows, the frequency converter only supports read or write of Word type parameters. The corresponding communication read operation command is 0x03; write operation command is 0x06, does not support read or write operation of bytes or bits: Theoretically, the upper computer can read several continuous function codes at a time (that is, the maximum n can reach 12), but it should be noted that it cannot cross the last function code of this function code group, otherwise it will reply with an error. If the slave detects a communication frame error or other reasons lead to unsuccessful reading and writing, it will reply an error frame.

9.1.4 Data Frame Field Description

9.1.5 CMD Check Mode

Check mode CRC check mode: CRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check) uses RTU frame format, the message includes an error detection field based on CRC method. The CRC field detects the content of the entire message. The CRC field is two bytes, containing a 16-bit binary value. It is calculated by the transmission device and added to the message. The receiving device recalculates the CRC of the received message and compares it with the received CRC field. If the two CRC values are not equal, it indicates that there is an error in transmission. CRC is first stored as 0xFFFF, and then a process is called to process the consecutive 8-bit bytes in the message with the current register value. Only the 8-bit data in each character is valid for CRC, and the start bit, stop bit, and parity bit are invalid. During CRC generation, each 8-bit character is XORed with the register content separately, the result is shifted to the lowest significant bit direction, and the highest significant bit is filled with 0. The LSB is extracted for detection. If the LSB is 1, the register is XORed with a preset value. If the LSB is 0, no operation is performed. This process is repeated 8 times. After the last bit (8th bit) is completed, the next 8-bit byte is XORed with the register’s current value separately. Finally, the value in the register is the CRC value of all bytes in the message. When adding CRC to the message, the low byte is added first, then the high byte. The CRC simple function is as follows:

unsigned int CRC16_CHK(unsigned char *data, unsigned char length)
{
  int j = 0;
  unsigned int crc Oxffff reg:
    while(length--)
    {
       crc reg *data++:
       for(j=0:j<8:j++)
          {
           if(reg crc 0x01)
             {
            reg_crc (reg_crc > 1) 0xa001:
             }
       else
             {
             reg_crc = reg_crc >> 1;
             }
          }
    }
    return reg_crc;
}

9.1.6 Function Code Parameter Address Marking Rules：

Read and write function code parameters (some function codes cannot be changed, only for factory use or monitoring):
The parameter address is expressed by function code group number and label:
High byte: PO-PF (P group) AO-AF (A group) 70-7F (U group) Low byte: 00-FF
For example: If you want to range function code P3-12 , the access address of the function code is expressed as F30CH

Writing RAM corresponding function code address as follows：
High byte: 00-0F（P group） 40-4F（A group）
Low byte：00-FF
For example：Function code P3-12 is not stored in EEPROM, the address is expressed as 030cH ;
Function code A0-05 is not stored in EEPROM, the address is expressed as 4005H ;

9.1.7 Stop/Run Parameter Part：

Control command input to frequency converter：（write only）

Reading frequency converter status：（read only）

Parameter lock password check：（if return is 888H, it means password check passed）

9.1.8 Output Control Commands

9.1.9 Frequency Converter Fault Description

9.1.10 PD Group Communication Parameter Description

9.2 Communication Data Address Definition

Communication data can be divided into function code data and non-function code data, the latter including running commands, running status, running parameters, alarm information, etc.

9.2.1 Function Code Data

Function code data is important setting parameters of frequency converters, including P group and A group function parameters, parameter groups are as follows：

Function code data communication address definition is as follows：
1、When reading function code data, for P0-PF、A0-AF group function code data, its communication address high sixteen bits are directly the function group number, low sixteen bits are directly the sequence number of the function code in the function group, for example：
P0-16 function parameter：Its communication address is F010H, where F0H represents P0 group function parameter, 10H represents the hexadecimal data format of sequence number 16 in the function group. AC-08 function parameter：Its communication address is AC08, where ACH represents AC group function parameter, 08H represents the hexadecimal data format of function code sequence number 08 in the function group.

2、When writing function code data, for PO-PF group function code data, its communication address high sixteen bits are divided into 00-0F or F0-FF according to whether it is written into EEPROM, low sixteen bits are directly the sequence number of the function code in the function group, for example：
Write function parameter P0-16：
When EEPROM is needed, its communication address is F010H,
When EEPROM is not needed, its communication address is 0010H.

3、When writing EEPROM data, for A0-AF group function code data, its communication address high sixteen bits are divided into 10-4F or A0-AF according to whether it is written into EEPROM, low sixteen bits are directly the sequence number of the function code in the function group, for example：
Write function parameter AC-08： When EEPROM is needed, its communication address is AC08H,
When EEPROM is not needed, its communication address is 4C08H.

9.2.2 Non-function Code Data

9.2.3 Status Data

Status data is divided into U group monitoring parameters, frequency converter fault description, frequency converter running status.
1、U group parameter monitoring parameters
U group monitoring data description see the relevant U0 group function description in the manual, its address definition is as follows：
U0-UF, its communication address high sixteen bits are 70-7F, low sixteen bits are the sequence number of monitoring parameters in the group, for example： U0-11, its communication address is 700BH.
2、Frequency converter fault description
The communication address for reading frequency converter fault is fixed at 8000H, the upper computer can obtain the current frequency converter fault code by reading this address data, and the fault code description is defined in P9-14 function code.
3、Frequency converter running status The communication address for reading frequency converter running status is fixed at 3000H, the upper computer can obtain the current frequency converter running status information by reading this address data, which is defined as follows：

9.2.4 Control Parameters

Control parameters are divided into control commands, digital output terminal control, analog output AO1 control, analog output AO2 control, high-speed pulse（FMP）output control.

9.2.5 Control Commands

When P0-02（command source）is selected as 2：communication control, the upper computer can realize start-stop and other related command control of the frequency converter through this communication address, the control command definition is as follows：

9.2.6 Communication Setting Value

Communication setting value is mainly used when frequency source、torque upper limit source、VF separation voltage source、PID given source、PID feedback source are selected as communication given. Its communication address is 1000H, when the upper computer sets this communication address value, its data range is -10000～10000, corresponding to relative given value -100.00%-100.00%.

9.2.7 Digital Output Terminal Control

When the digital output terminal function is selected as 20：communication control, the upper computer can realize the control of the frequency converter digital output terminal through this communication address, which is defined as follows：

9.2.8 Analog Output AO1、AO2.High-speed Pulse Output FMP Control

When the analog output AO1、AO2, high-speed pulse output FMP output function is selected as 12：communication setting, the upper computer can realize the control of the frequency converter analog quantity、high-speed pulse output through this communication address, which is defined as follows：

9.2.9 Parameter Initialization

When it is necessary to realize parameter initialization operation on the frequency converter through the upper computer, this function needs to be used. If PP-00（user password）is not 0, password verification needs to be performed first, after verification, within 30 seconds, the upper computer performs parameter initialization operation.
The communication address for password verification is 1F00H, directly write the correct user password to this address to complete password verification.
The address for communication parameter initialization is 1F01H, its data content is defined as follows：

10. Warranty Instructions

Thank you for using our products. To ensure that the products you purchased from our company enjoy quality service, please read the following terms：

Standard Warranty Period

Our company’s general frequency converters provide a standard warranty period of twelve months from the date of factory shipment（subject to the shipping information on the barcode on the fuselage）.

Warranty Scope

During the warranty period, if the product fails under normal use conditions, we will provide free product repair for you with the warranty card.

Non-warranty Scope

1. Machine damage caused by improper product maintenance, on-site accidents, natural disasters, etc.；
2. Machine damage caused by unauthorized disassembly and reassembly or modification of the product；
3. The serial number has been changed, removed or incorrect；
4. Machine damage caused by the buyer not using the product in accordance with the instruction manual or human factors.

Service after Warranty Period

If the product has exceeded the warranty period, our company will charge on-site service fees, parts fees, labor fees and logistics fees to the final user. For detailed standards, please see the following table：

Travel expenses：Round-trip travel expenses of technical personnel for on-site service（including transportation fees, accommodation fees, work meal fees, etc.）
Parts fees：Cost of replaced parts（including any freight/management fees）
Labor fees：Labor fees for technical personnel, including maintenance, repair, installation and debugging
Logistics fees：Logistics fees for faulty products from customers to our company and repaired/replaced products from our company to customers, including other derived fees.

11. Get Installation Support